init

backend/alembic/env.py

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+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+import os
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from alembic import context
+from backend.core.settings import SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI
+from backend.core.db import metadata
+# Load .env manually (if not loaded by your settings.py or entry point)
+load_dotenv()
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+# Get environment (default to development if not set)
+APP_ENV = os.getenv("APP_ENV")
+config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI)
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+if config.config_file_name is not None:
+    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+target_metadata = metadata
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+# Determine DB URL
+if APP_ENV == "production":
+    db_url = os.getenv("DATABASE_URL")
+    if not db_url:
+        raise RuntimeError("DATABASE_URL is required in production.")
+else:
+    # fallback to local SQLite db
+    db_url = os.getenv("SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI", "sqlite:///data/local.db")
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+
+
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", db_url)
+    context.configure(
+        url=url,
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        literal_binds=True,
+        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+print(f"→ Alembic using DB URL: {db_url}")
+
+def run_migrations_online() -> None:
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+    connect_args = {"sslmode": "require"}
+    connectable = engine_from_config(
+        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        connect_args=connect_args,
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection, target_metadata=target_metadata
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()